Density Lab Report Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Density - Lab Report Example Moreover, the density of water commonly known as 1.00 g/cm3 or 1.00 g/ml is found empirically to be 0.998 g/ml whereas the density of copper which in theory is approximately 8.94 g/ml turns out 8.5 g/ml in the lab. The apparent slight differences between the actual and theoretical figures may be accounted for by error through inaccurate reading of measurements with the device or tool used. Another source of error (other than human fault) may be attributed to unnoticed defect in apparatus or measuring scale which has not been properly calibrated. Density of solid or liquid materials is an intensive property of matter that is why it does not depend on the quantity of material in reference to being mass per unit volume. Because in class we study significant figures and dimensional analysis which involves units of length, mass, volume, as well as their equivalent conversions in other units, the lab establishes relevance as we work in it to experience and learn how to deal with measurements in real life. We have been able to understand that the method of finding density may be carried out by the task of acquiring measures of mass and volume of a substance which can also be made useful in scientific analysis of other

Since ethics and profit are actually not related, what reasons are Essay - 1

Since ethics and profit are actually not related, what reasons are there to apply ethical standards to business at all Is it si - Essay Example For instance, gaining profit out of illicit or prohibited drugs is possible but this does not mean that the entire activity is accepted as a good act within the society. In fact, the term that something is prohibited justifies further that there is no good about it at all. Ethics and profit may not be related because businesses may come up with different strategic moves that at some point may compromise what is considered morally good within the society. Thus, specifically there is a defined concept within the society for the preservation of life and that everyone is expected to do what is good and right. In line with this, there is a need to understand what ethics is all about. What is ethics? Ethics is concerned about the study of what is to be done (Kerridge, Lowe and McPhee 1). In other words it deals with identifying what is right and wrong (Pojman and Fieser 1). The principles or idea of right and wrong are integrated with the world. From the very beginning, humans have already understood what is right for them and everything that will contribute to their survival is good and that what should be done among them. The trial and error process led them to learn and even until today because humans learned a lot from their experiences. Based on these experiences, the idea of what is good and right has remarkably uncovered. ... These rules simply try to protect the lives, rights and privileges of everyone. For example, a government may set a minimum wage program among private organizations or institutions. This is to be applied in order to set equal privileges among business men and their workers. In this way, workers are also ensured to receive what they deserve and exploitation will be out of the line. Some companies may come up with idea to generate more profit and one way of doing so is to cut the budget for those privileges that has been allocated for workers. The main issue in here is the generation of profit of business outside the bound of the social contract. Eventually, under the social contract an employee has the right to receive what is due to him. Thus, ethics may necessary be applicable in this case but there is really a need to apply it in order to emphasize the scope and coverage of the social contract and push every business towards its obligations in its employees and vice versa. . Busine ss is associated with the law Under the social contract, business is associated with the law. There are corresponding laws that business should adhere to. For example, every business should adapt a financial reporting standard. One purpose of it is to declare the right figure a company is making in its business in order to pay the right amount due to the government. It cannot be denied that various companies are trying to come up with different financial reports depending on their usage for the sole purpose of gaining considerable amount of profit, which is actually the bottom line of all. In some other countries, tax avoidance and evasion are prevalent it is because profit maximization has become a must. Tax evasion is a serious offense and it has

Micro Short Answer Personal Statement Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Micro Short Answer - Personal Statement Example This in itself cannot determine the power of choice. Other factors are critical when making any economic decision. These include opportunity costs, credit market, prices and desires. The fulfillment of the fundamental needs depends on the desire with the market prices playing a critical role. The purchase behavior depends on opportunity costs or tradeoffs. The credit market determines the ability to borrow and purchase items. For instance, people contract their spending whenever the high borrowing cost raises the consumption prices (Jiang 407). 2.0. Four resource categories A resource category refers to the source that provides benefits to people. A resource category can be in the form of money, staff, service or asset. The four primary categories of resources include government, education, health and family, and business. i. Education acts as an investment in an economy. An informed economy highly depends on skilled, knowledgeable and educated workforce. Goods education is an indica tion of increased economic performance. ii. Government is critical in creating jobs within the private sector and plays a significant role in finding projects. Whenever a particular government level funds a project, other levels of the government may be prompted to fund the same projects through private foundations and private capital funding. Government plays a significant role in fiscal stimulus package, monetary policy action, and other government interventions. iii. The family acts as a source of resource like labor, production and decision making. The population growth is a critical concept of economics as it determines demand and supply. On the other hand, health determines productivity of the population/family. iv. Business provides services to people. These include supply of goods and services, harnessing of resource and other capital, provision of employment and preserves the natural resources among others (Jiang 410). 3.0. Scarce factors of production The major factors of production are land, labor and capital. Limited factors of production imply shortage of such resources. This indicates insufficiency of productive resources in an economy towards the fulfillment of human needs and attainment of goals. Scarcity and its notion in economics. Scarcity refers to seemingly having unlimited wants in an environment of limited resources. In economics, scarcity indicates a fundamental economic problem where the productive resources are insufficient in an economy. Economics relates to purposeful human action, and without scarcity, economics cannot suffice. Scarcity creates the need for people to consume. Abundance never creates the need for people to make tradeoffs. Scarcity enhances rationing and encourages competitive behavior where people compete for the scarce goods (Jiang 412). 4.0. Production possibilities curve and relationship to the law of increasing costs Production possibility curve refers to the graph showing the combination of various amounts of c ommodities producible using fixed amount of each factor of production. This graphically bounds production set for a group of fixed input quantities. The curve indicates the maximum possible production level that defines the production efficiency. The increase in production of one good requires one to sacrifice a greater amount of another good. This is because of inequality in efficiency of resources. For instance, opportunity cost for producing j in terms of k

Choices, consequences and Conflict Resolution Essay Example for Free

Choices, consequences and Conflict Resolution Essay I. Reading: circle the word that best finishes the sentences. (10 points each) /20 Read the paragraph and select the answer based on what we learn about conflict resolution. Maria is having a conflict with her coworker Brenda. Brenda is coming late to work and Maria ends up doing her work and Brenda’s work. Maria does not know what to do but she fears that if Bread keeps coming late they will both lose their jobs, because the work is not getting done on time. What should Brenda do? a. Don’t say anything to Bread and Just keep working faster b. Pull Brenda to the side and explain how the situation affects both of them c. Quit her job before she gets fired. d. Talk to her supervisor and ask her to fire Brenda If Brenda gets upset with Maria, how should Maria react? a. Maria should yell very loudly to show she is stronger b. Maria should control her emotions and move forward c. Maria should leave the room and find a supervisor d. Maria should say it is ok for her to come late II. Vocabulary: match the word with its definition.(10 points each) /60 Choice, consequences, conflict, resolution, mediate, professionalism An act of selecting or making a decision when faced with two or more possibilities.| A disagreement between two or more people.| Intervene in a dispute to bring about an agreement or reconciliation| To reach an agreement. To find an answer. To end a conflict. | The competence or skill expected of a professional.| Something that logically or naturally follows from an action or condition| | | III. Writing: During the past month we learned about the 10 Rules of Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP). Please write one to two paragraphs about the consequences of not following the 10 Rules. (20 points) /20

Marketing Analysis Of Md Lanka Canneries Limited Marketing Essay

Marketing Analysis Of Md Lanka Canneries Limited Marketing Essay Socio Cultural Analysis  ­Ã‚ ­Country History The Maldives is a country which is famous for is natural resources of fisheries, which is threatened by global warming and also one of the worlds poorest developing countries. The ancestors of Maldives were probably Sri Lankans and southern Indians who went there before 555 B.C.E. as the history begins Maldivians were originally Buddhists but around in the twelfth century Islam was announced as the national religion. It is a vital factor to focus since Islamic perceives different values and marketing products to Maldives will have focus on this aspect. Geographical setting- Location, Climate and Topography The Maldives is a country which consists of twenty-six coral islands, in the northern Indian Ocean, where the capital city Male. The closest neighbors are India and Sri Lanka. Due to high alkinity of the soil and poor water retention agricultural potential is limited. However, people grow vegetables, fruits and yams. The country climate is warm and tropical. Two yearly monsoons determine the seasonal changes. The northern islands are drier comparatively to the southern. The northeast monsoon lengthens from December to April by being dry and mild winds. Although the southwest monsoon extends from May to August brings heavy rains and winds. Concerning about these above stated factors are important to determine the distribution channels and how the eating patterns will change will and the effect of the monsoons since the fisheries industry will be affected. Living conditions Diet and nutrition, meat and vegetables consumption rates, typical meals, malnutrition rates and foods available The most prominent component of Maldivian food is natural fish mainly tuna. However, the different travelers from different parts of the world have been able to add new flavors of vegetables and seasonings were introduced. The Maldivian cuisine currently comprises Arabic, Indian, Sri Lanka and oriental tastes blended into a unique cuisine that represents a cookery identity of its own. Eating in male would be a different; especially the short eats known as hedika which comes in sweet, sour and spicy flavors. Rice and garudhiya (fish soup), with chilli, lemon and onion consists of the traditional meal. Sweet dishes include custard and fruits such as bananas, mangoes and papayas. During the fasting month of Ramazan watermelons are their favorites. Living conditions will be in concern when trying to seek for demand for canned fruits and vegetables and eating patterns of the Maldivians. Language- Official languages, spoken versus written languages and dialects Pronunciation and vocabulary differs between islands especially between north and south islands. Maldivians official language is Dhivehi, for business purposes they speak in English. Communicating is an important factor when trying to do business with another country. Languages and gesture observation is needed for business (Tourism Asia,n.d.). Economic Analysis There are a number of risks involved in international trade such as regulatory risks, governmental actions, risks unfavorable exchange movements etc that prevent from doing international business. A comprehensive economic analysis of Maldives will enable MD to identify future prospects and also drawbacks within Maldives. Further, it will give an insight for the past experiences of the dynamic world trade. Population Total growth rates, number of live births and birthrates The understanding of the total population will enable to understand the current demand trends. The total population is 305,027(2008) out the majority are female. The growth rate is 1.42% (2008) is comparatively high to countries like USA and India, but not in the extreme high (Index Mundi,2009). This figure helps to determine the future demand in the market. Economic statistics and activity In concern towards the total GDP is $1.716 billion (2008). A critical analysis of this factor will help to determine if Maldives economy is growing or rather moving towards recession. Hence it is also a fine tool to determine the monetary health of the Maldivians (U.S.Department of State,n.d.).Personal income per capita is $4,200 (Index Mundi,2009). The only resource that is of commercial importance is fish. According to the Nations encyclopedia there are no mineral resources in Maldives (Encyclopedia of the Nationas,2010). This indicates that it is a poor country in natural resources. This will assist the feasibility study in resources allocations and usage. Furthermore, an analysis of the transportation modes and usage rates will give an understanding to determine the distribution from the origin destination and also mode selection when preparing the marketing plan. There are taxis to travel within the main city of Maldives, Male. There are ferries and taxi boats to travel around t o visit the other island of Maldives. There are also inter island air systems; namely Maldivian Air taxi or Trans Maldivian Airways (Travelspedia,2007). In more concern towards goods transportation is shipping facilities provided. There are 29 merchant marines in total that engage in transporting goods. This contains four different fields such as total, ships by type, foreign owned and registered in other countries. In total there 5 Airports which are recognizable from air and out of which include the paved and unpaved ports. At glance at the Maldivian communication system, one of the best with latest technology and satellite systems (Rio Travels Inc,n.d.). The land telephone lines as well as the fax service and internet connections are provided even via wireless communication techniques. It also compromises of newspapers; television and radio are 3 radio broadcasting channels namely AM radio, FM radio and shortwave, also only 1 broadcasting station (Maps of World,2009). Such information will be useful to determine promotion mix in the marketing plan, because, there might be high clutter. There are also newspapers available. The Maldives national newspaper in Divehi is Afathis and the national newspaper in Divehi and English is Haveeru. In addition in Male there is the local newspaper in English namely, Evening Weekly (Newspapers24.com,2006-2010). Investment plays a critical role in the development of Maldives, where Maldives is progressively developing finance. The government of Maldives set up the FISB (Foreign Investment Services Bureau) to provide every potential manner to help and benefit investors. Banking, resource management, accounting, telecommunications, manufacturing and courier services are the key segments that foreign investment comes from to Maldives. The FISB has identified several sectors with potential of acquiring foreign investments. They are mainly the financial sector, the transport sector, information and technology, fisheries and also tourism (Maps of World,2009). Such information will assist in determining opportunities for business development. The trade exports are $113 million (2008) from fish products where the major markets are Thailand, U.K, France, Italy, Algeria and Sri Lanka. There is major imports worth of $1.276billion flowing out due to petroleum products, ships, foodstuff, intermediate and capital goods and clothing and the major suppliers are from U.A.E, Malaysia, Sri Lanka, India and Thailand (U.S.Department of State,n.d.). This in sequence, shoes that there might not be potential restriction for business because Sri Lanka is already currently in business with Maldives. There are not many retailers in Maldives, distributors in Maldives, since its a small country with many atolls. The national distributor is Islanders Maldives PTE LTD and the main retailers are Evince and Timepieces Duty Free. Since the business needs to operate with Maldivian employees it is important to know the labour size and unemployment rates. The labor size is 144,000 where as the unemployment rate is 14.6% (2006). Inflation, year over year has been 12.80%. This is an important indicator when setting the pricing strategies. Product MD Lanka Canneries Ltd is the planning the process of marketing canned Bitter gourd and Jak to Maldives. Relative Advantage MD Lanka Canneries Ltd has become a national icon in Sri Lanka for their distinctive unique brand of ice jam, cordial and canned vegetables and fruits. Hence, it is also the current market leader in Sri Lanka. The well established recognition is an added benefit to the product since we are entering into the state of Male in Maldives which has a relatively low competition. The company places special emphasis on the production of essences that go into the canned vegetables. Especially, their traditionally exquisite canned jak fruit, which is most popular dish among Sri Lankans. The Maldivians have a high tendency of switching brands and the younger generation has a trend towards consuming foreign products over their local products. Canned bitter gourd and jak is extremely high priced compared to other international canned vegetable competitors. A can of bitter gourd and mature jak cost of MRF 16. Compatibility In terms of compatibility, canned vegetables are a popular, existing product which has been accepted by almost all the Maldivians. There are no such cultural issues when it comes to consuming canned vegetables in Maldives. Therefore, this product will be purchased as soon as it is released to the market. Male state is a vastly populated state and their consumption of is comparatively not that low compared to Sri Lankans. Complexity We are offering them a product unlike a service which has the intangible aspect. Thus, canned vegetables are considered as a fast moving consumer good (FMCG). Hence, there are no such complexities to a well-known product such as canned vegetables. The only novelty will be the new unique range of vegetables canned which MD offers to the Maldivian market. Trialability Trialability is a definite possibility where we can make arrangements for consumers to test the flavor of particular canned vegetables prior to purchasing. This is important since the flavors are new to the Maldivian market. Observability Due to the tangible nature of the product, the consumers get the opportunity to evaluate the product in all three stages of consumption, which are pre-purchase, purchase and the post purchase stage. Implications No major issues and problems have been essentially identified through the evaluation. As mentioned above, the main issue which has the potential of hindering the growth of the products is the high level of competition. Since canned vegetables are a fast moving items consumers are very price sensitive. We will overcome the barrier of low literacy level of consumers by using both Divehi and English on the package labeling. Market Analysis Marketing trends The most widely used tools for marketing canned vegetables products are trade fairs and retail selling (H. Sinana, personal communication, March 23rd 2010). This is also a feature of overall B2B marketing (Dwyer Tanner, 2002). Trade fairs prove to be the most effective method of marketing in this industry. Retail selling is also used widely by all canned food producers, since many organizations do not have the facilities to conduct large scale advertising. Competitor products There are many competitors in the Maldivian market, and the main market player is Twin elephant its held 28% of market share and followed by Harvest at 11% and Dily food at 8% (personal word of mouth). All these brands are well known International brands which have already gained recognition and a good reputation in the particular market. Therefore, it is going to be difficult to differentiate ourselves from the competitors. Hence, marketing the product and building brand awareness is vital for the success of this product. The brand name has a huge effect on sales and therefore, it must be ensured that the MD logo and brand name is made common in the market, so that the target market can identify with the brand. The other brands hold a significant market share but the MD will stand a chance. The above mentioned brands offer a wide variety of features in their products. Especially brands such as Twin elephant have a wide variety of canned vegetables. Such as soy beans, baby corn etc. Competitor Prices and Promotions Canned vegetables providers such as Twin elephant, Harvest and Dily food are less expensive than MD Lanka Canneries Lanka Ltd products which will be MRF 14 because they cater to a slightly different market but on the other hand MD Canneries Lanka Ltd could end up being more expensive because it has to be produced in Sri Lanka and must bare all transportation and exporting costs. The price will also include some amount of tariff or tax on the product and since it is difficult for Sri Lanka to gain economies of scale, it is nearly impossible to give it at a very low price or rather lower than the local providers in Maldives. MD Canneries Lanka Ltd will be middle of the range product because other local vegetable providers will have very low prices. Maldivians are very much similar to Sri Lankans in terms of how they approach a new brand and what methods drive them into purchasing that product. The competitors too use various approaches to promote their products through print and electronic media, such as very attractive TV advertisements. References Annual Report.(2009).MD Lanka Canneries Ltd. Countries and Their Cultures.(2010).Maldivian Culture.Retrieved May 28th, 2010, from http://www.everyculture.com/Ja-Ma/Maldives.html Dwyer, R. F., Tanner, J. F. (2002). Business Marketing: Connecting Strategy, Relationships and Learning .2nd edition. McGraw Hill Irwin. Encyclopedia of the Nationas.(2010).About Maldives.Retrieved May 28th, 2010, from http://www.nationsencyclopedia.com/Asia-and-Oceania/Maldives.html Hello Maldives Holidays.(1998).Port Handling.Retrieved May 28th, 2010, from http://www.hellomaldives.com/Services/Port_Handling/index.htm Index Mundi.(2009).Maldives GDP-real growth rate.Retrieved May 28th, 2010, from http://www.indexmundi.com/maldives/gdp_real_growth_rate.html Maps of World.(2009).Maldives Communications. Retrieved May 28th, 2010, from Retrieved May28th,2010,from http://www.mapsofworld.com/maldives/information/communications.html Maps of World.(2009).Maldives Fanance and Investment.Retrieved May 28th, 2010, from http://www.mapsofworld.com/maldives/economy-and-business/finance-and-investment.html MD Lanka Canneries Ltd.(2004).Company Information. Retrieved May 20th, 2010, from http://www.lankacanneries.com/index.asp My Maldives Travel Guide .(2005-2010).Maldivian-Food.Retrieved May 20th, 2010, from http://www.mymaldives.com/maldives/maldivian-food.php Newspapers24.com.(2006-2010).Maldives Newspapers.Retrieved May 28th, 2010, from http://www.newspapers24.com/maldives-newspapers/index.html Rio Travels Inc.(n.d.).Maldives.Retrieved May 28th, 2010, from http://www.riotravels.com/maldives.html This is Maldives.(2010).Maldives Travel Tips.Retrieved May 28th, 2010,from http://www.thisismaldives.com/maldives/travel_planner/food.htm Tourism Asia.(n.d.).Maldives.Retrieved May 28th, 2010, from http://maldives.tourism-asia.net/language-of-maldives.html Travelspedia.(2007).Maldivian Travel Information. Retrieved June 3rd , 2010, from http://travelspedia.com/ U.S.Department of State.(n.d.).About Maldives.Retrieved May 28th, 2010, from http://www.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/5476.htm Marketing Objectives Target Market The target market is for all Maldivian who are able to consume any type of hard food. This includes children starting from the age of one year to all adults. Business objectives and expected sales Even though canned food is widely available in all supermarkets in Maldives, the two products Bitter Gourd and Mature Jak is not yet available in Maldives as they are vegetables that are really rare. Thus MD Canneries Lanka Ltd would focus on three key objectives. First is to introduce the two new vegetables to the Maldivian market secondly to create value and demand for the two products and then to capture 5-10% of the market within the first one year (year 2011). In achieving the three main objectives MD Canneries Ltd would work towards achieving the following objectives within the first one and half years, To attract all the main super markets to sell the products with a good shelf space available for the product. To rapidly increase sales and thus make the two products an everyday needed product. To build a good brand name for MD Canneries Ltd so that in the future more products could be exported to Maldives. The product is expected to be priced at LKR.1760. The amount of cans expected to be sold are 24,000 per annum. Thus the sales for the first year (year 2011) are expected to be around LKR.37, 756,800 (See Appendix 5). Market Penetration Maldives could be considered as an emerging market and although the government encourages foreign business in the country the policies are not as free as it really appears to be. So weve decided the export-based entry is the strategy by which the market can be penetrated. Indirect exporting is where the home country agents are used to get the product in to the foreign markets which will be competitively feasible. Since they understand the market conditions and etc better the company will have an added advantage and could reduce research costs. And since most of the agents maintain good relationships with retailers it would be easier to enter the markets. The company could reduce risk such investing in unnecessary markets and so on. Furthermore there is an annual fair every four years and this year it will be done in November. We hope to go there and build up our network among the four leading retailers Red wave, Agora, STO super mart and VB mart (H.Sinnan,personal communication,May 12th ,2010). The core component of the product is the canned vegetables. There is no requirement of adaptation or modification to it as it would be sent in the same manner as used in Sri Lanka with brine as a preservative. The packaging is would not change as the can would be the most appropriate to support transportation. MDs labels are done in both English and Divehi languages. Further the MD labels and packaging are already approved within Sri Lankan and international standards. No specific and unique transportation method need. The taxis could be used for the distribution process. The production, packaging and labeling would be done in the MD Canneries Ltd factory Sri Lanka. Therefore the product sent to Maldives would be a ready sell product. Advertising and Promotional Mix Advertising All advertising and promotional activities would be restricted to Male only initially as the product would be first only introduced to Male. The advantage MD has is the acceptance of its brand at Maldives as many of its Cordial and Jam products are already being exported to Maldives. Advertising methods such as Magazine, Television, Radio and Billboards and both Trade and Consumer Sales promotions are suggested to be used. Advertising objectives To create awareness the Maldivian market, of the two new vegetable products by way of emphasising the nutrition factor and the ability to be consumed by the entire family of the products. To persuade all people in Maldives to purchase it and use it as an everyday product thus increasing repeat purchase. To further generate awareness of the brand MD in-order so that in the future more Vegetable products could be exported adding to the existing portfolio exported to Male. Media Mix The indoor advertising tools intended to use are TV, Radio and Magazine. Magazine The Rasrani (Female Beauty) monthly magazine would be used to publish a full page ad every month, in order to promote the product among all the mothers and house wives in Maldives. This is selected as it directly targets at the house wives, mothers and parents who purchase food for their homes (H.Sinnan,personal communication,May 12th ,2010). Television The local government TV channel Television Maldives (TVM) will be initially used for advertising a 30 second commercial. This is because Maldivians rely on the government messages a lot .The program chosen is Hendunu Hendunu(Morning Morning) program telecasted every morning from 7.15 am to 8.30 am which is targeted at females in Maldives which also have specific cookery demonstrations. Recommended is to take two programs every week Monday and Tuesday ,so that it will not clash with the Radio commercials on Wednesdays and Thursdays .This is used as it directly targets the house wife or mothers in Maldives where they would be the ones actually using the MD canned vegetable product (H.Sinnan,personal communication,May 12th ,2010). Radio The radio channel Capital Radio95.6, would be used for 10 second radio commercials. The Chefs Talk morning program from 10 am to 12 pm which they have twice a week on Wednesdays and Thursdays where a chef comes on air to speak on cookery will be used to air the radio commercials of the product as it directly target the uses of the vegetable can product i.e. the females in Maldives (Asiawaves,n.d.) (H.Sinnan,personal communication,May 12th ,2010). Billboards The billboards are recommended to be published close to the super markets Red Wave, Agora, STO Supermarket and VB Mart where the product is been sold in Male (H.Sinnan,personal communication,May 12th ,2010). Message The message that would be sent across to the target market is the same message used in all MD advertisements in Sri Lanka To be a household brand (Annual Report, 2009). Media Schedule and Budget allocation Media Name of programme Duration/Size of Ad No. of spots per episode/programme/publication Number of time telecasted/on air/published/ per year Total spots for an year Cost per episode/programme/publication/board Total Cost per year with tax(NBT 3%, VAT 12%)(LKR) Television Maldives Capital radio Hendunu Hendunu (Morning Morning) Chefs talk 30 sec 10sec 2 per episode 2 per program 52 episodes 104 programmes 104 208 100,000 8,000 13,553,031.00 Magazine Rasrani (Female Beauty Full page 1 per magazine 12 magazines 12 Magazines 33,330 553,728.00 Bill Boards 30x15 2 Billboards 250,000 576,800.00 Sales Promotions Both sales and trade promotions would be used in-order to generate and increase sales at the introduction stage of the product in Male. Sales promotions Objectives Trade Sales Promotion To ensure the product is available in all main supermarkets in Male. To ensure the retailers would promote the product to the customers and give good shelf space. Consumer Sales Promotions To give a rapid start for the sales of the product while its at the introduction stage in Male. To ensure the first two months sales target is achieved while creating the brands awareness. To continue to achieve sales target through the brand name built during the first two months. To build the brand MD into a household everyday brand by increasing the product portfolio exported to Maldives. Sales promotion mix Trade Sales Promotions Trade Discounting A discount would be given to the retailers in bulk purchasing. This would be a 10% off on all purchase of over 1000 cans. Reward Points / Loyalty Card Reward points will be given to all retailers on the purchase of item. A point each for every 100 cans purchased would be given. Once they have accumulated 100 points, a 20% discount would be given on the next purchase of 1000 cans along with a loyalty card which could be used to get a three months credit period and many other offers that are introduced from time to time. This would be done continuously in order to keep the sales levels high at all times. Consumer Sales Promotions Special offers. A special offer is suggested to be given within the first two months for all consumers. The offer would give every purchase of a can each of the two varieties together i.e. The Mature Jak and Bitter Gourd, a free recipe book with 4special Sri Lankan recipes to prepare the two vegetables the Sri Lankan way. This would create the Sri Lankan nature of the brand MD and thus achieve MDs objectiveness of building the local brand and also increase the sales rapidly during the introduction stage of the product in Male. Strategy Price per can (LKR) (Maximum) QTY purchased to receive discount (Per time) Discount (Maximum) Total Cost(LKR) Trade Sales Promotions Trade Discount Loyalty Cards Consumer Sales Promotion Special Offer-Recipe Book 1760 1000 cans 1000 cans 2 10% 20% LKR20 worth book 38,016.00 76,032.00 271,824.00 Strategy Price per can (LKR) (Maximum) QTY purchased to receive discount (Per time) Discount (Maximum) Total Cost(LKR) Trade Sales Promotions Trade Discount Loyalty Cards Consumer Sales Promotion Special Offer-Recipe Book 1760 1000 cans 1000 cans 2 10% 20% LKR20 worth book 38,016.00 76,032.00 271,824.00 2.2.3 Sales promotion budget Distribution The canned vegetables will be transferred from Colombo harbor port to the Port of Male. Such port was selected since it is the easiest and faster way to enter Maldives and will be cleared fast and last but not least since it is very convenient for the companys distribution of goods of canned vegetables (Hello Maldives Holidays,1998).Mode of selection would be taxis since it is not much to travel within the country. Hence the start up business is intended in Male only it will be easy. But for further expansions to other allots ferries would be used. Selecting such modes would be advantages since it is reliable and cost effective. It is compulsory the packaging is written in Divehi as well as English to meet Maldivian packaging standards. The port authority of Male should receive certain documents 24hrs prior to the arrival at the Port authority for clearance at the port. Documents such as the name of the vessel, name of master and nationality, port of registry and number, type of vessel, cargo of discharge, ETA to the port, LOA/Beam/ and maximum draft, name of the local agent and Call sign. Such documents are needed to get the clearance from the port (Hello Maldives Holidays,1998). 3.1 Channels of Distribution (Micro Analysis) The channels of distribution could vary since there are wholesalers, retailers and sales representatives. There are 4 main retailers in Maldives namely; Red wave, Agora, STO super mart and VB mart. Retailers We decided to distribute our product through retailers in Male, the direct exporting method. Initially, all the transactions will be done on cash. We will briefly explain the retailers the standards associated with frozen products once the shipment is cleared from the port until it is sold to the consumer. The retailers we have selected to distribute our product are Red wave, Agora, STO super mart and VB mart. Price Determination Cost of Shipment of cans The shipping cost would be same as the shipment of other products which are transported to Maldives by MD (Jam, Cordials etcà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦). A shipment of a standard container with 10,000 cans would be LKR 75,000(Annual Report, 2009). Transportation cost Transportation cost will be borne by the Maldivian Retailers when the goods land at Male. The transportation cost from MD Lanka Canneries to the Sri Lankan Port would be less as it would be shared with the transportation of the other goods other than the two products expected to transport (Mature Jak, Bitter Gourd) Therefore the cost portion for the transportation would be a total of LKR 12,000 per tour (transportation turn) done (Annual Report, 2009). 4.3 Handling Expenses Handling charges inclusive of pier charges, warfare fees, loading and unloading fees and all other overheads while goods are transported to the port would include LKR15, 000 per tour (Annual Report 2009). 4.4 Insurance Cost The total insurance cost per annum for transportation of the two product variables only to Maldives is LKR250, 000.The figure is not as high as transportation bottled Jam or Cordials as the risk of damage for the products are less since the packaging is done in aluminum can. 4.5 Wholesale and Retail Mark-Ups A mark-up of 90% is kept over the production cost of a can of vegetable, exported to Male. Such high mark-up is kept to cover the cost of shipping, handling, insurance and other costs. The products would directly be transported to the retailers and thus, the retailers could enjoy a markup of 12% on the whole-sale price before selling it at their super markets. 4.6 Companys Gross Margin The mark up that MD Lanka Canneries Ltd could have over each cans production cost is 15% if sold locally. This is sufficient to enjoy a profit of 10% even after covering the local marketing, advertising and promotional costs. MD Lanka Canneries Ltd could set a mark-up of 90% after marketing promotion and advertising costs on each can exported to Male ( Mark-up of 90% should cover an estimated cost of 30% for shipping, handling, insurance and other costs). Thus a net profit of 60% could be enjoyed on each can exported to Male. 4.7 Retail Pricing The retail price is kept MRF2 higher than the Twin Elephant Competitor brands price of MRF14 for a 560g can. Thus the price is MRF16(16*110=LKR1760).The price is kept higher to indicate the better quality of the product and also as MD is already one of the most recognized and trusted brands in Maldives and thus has a good demand. 4.8 Terms of Sale 4.8.1 Cash on Delivery We have chosen the payment term as cash on delivery. These terms require payment to the transportation company for the full invoice  document which shows the terms of sale. This includes a full description of the goods, sale price, charges, and discounts and of course the amount at the time of the delivery. If the buyer will refuse to accept the shipment which means that the seller will have to bear the costs of freight charges to and from the buyers location, preparation and packaging costs and possible deterioration of the product, unlike

Ford Motor Business Analysis

Ford Motor Business Analysis Introduction: Ford Motor company is one at the worlds largest manufacturers of automobiles and the worlds largest producer of trucks. Under the leadership at the Henry ford, the company implemented the assembly lime method of mass production and made the cars affordable for middle-class consumers. Ford is the second largest vehicle maker in the United States based on overall sales, trading only general motors corporation. Fords subsidiaries include the Hertz corporation, the worlds largest car rental company, and the worlds largest provider at automotive financing. Ford markets vehicles under the brands of ford, Lincoln, Mazda, Mercury and Volvo. Ford introduces methods for large scale manufacturing of cars and large-scale management of and individual workforce using elaborately engineering manufacturing sequence typified by moving assembly lines. Ford is currently the fourth largest automaker in the world based on number of vehicles sold annually. In addition to the Ford, Lincoln and Mercury brands, Ford also owns Volvo cars of Sweden, small stake in Mazda of Japan and Aston Martin of England. Fords former U.K subsidiaries Jaguar and Land Rover were sold to Tata motors of India in March 2008. Vision: Become the worlds leading company in the automobile products and services. Production of the largest numbers of cars with the simplest design and for lowest possible cost. Mission: Production of affordable vehicles for general public, with their mission, â€Å"put the world on wheels† Commitment in providing outstanding product and service for a globally diverse family, with proud heritage. Objective: Mass consumption of products with mass production, by increasing productivity. Doing the right things for customers who are society, people and environment. Five years strategy analysis of Ford There has been a sales down Ford motor company has applied different market strategy to maintain the position in new market for the current product. Ford continues to plan the special edition models of Mustang. Ford could put the next generation Mustang on the world market developed in Australia in around the 2012 or 2013. The fusion, which is now rides modified Mazda 6 platform, is likely to move to Fords global EUCD platform around the 2018 or 218 modal year. Since a long, the Ford is focusing on gaining and maintaining competitive advantages in this hyper competitive climate during the difficult economic environment. It had now faced the downturn in its sales and lost in market shares in the global perspective market, comparing to Far East Manufactures such as Hyundai. The strategies it has been persuading are; I. Differentiation: Differentiation is the offering the products or services which are uniquely different from those of its competitors. The Ford is defining the new range of products with differential quality of fuel efficiency, technology and aesthetics. It is continuing to introduce eco-boost engines for environment safety, fuel saving technology, six speed transmissions across wide range of vehicles. It has adopted most top safety features (roll stability, break support radar) for more convenience in all of its brands (Flex, Escape, Lincon MKS and Mercury Mariner e.t.c). It has also evaded technology like Active park assistant, Navigator, sexy Body Style, Interior etc. Ford is still continuing to introduce the advance form of battery technology through vehicles electrification programs. II. Cost Leadership: This is a strategy where the organisation enables itself to provide the product and services at a cost less than any other competitors. Ford as the innovative company is persuading competitive pricing strategies to its products and services. Comparing to its major rival competitors like Toyota and Hyundai, Fords pricing strategies is competitive with reference to the new technologies that it incorporates. However, the decline sales data and the decreasing customer confidence have displayed the importance of restructuring the pricing strategy to gain competitive advantage against competitors. Therefore Ford is moving towards the virtual tie on pricing level with high quality gain, superior style and interior, and fuel economy technologies. III. Focus: This is the strategy where the organisation targets its product and services at a given sector of market with great accuracy and with deft of capabilities and knowledge to support its position in the sector. Ford is establishing global marketing sales and service operations to integrate and drive more consistent and compelling connection with costumer around the world. It is implementing the ‘One Ford marketing vision to enhance cost saving and higher quality communication. It is expanding the licensed merchandise around the world to enhance the Ford brand image. Ford is focusing on new global small cars, Fiesta, Fusion, mid cars and utilities to achieve the more balanced global portfolio. The Ansoff matrix: Various strategic models can be employed to analyze and make marketing decisions. The Ansoff Matrix is well known classic strategy building model developed by H. Igor Anssof. The purpose of this model is to analyse the organizations approach to its product and markets. It plays an invaluable role in ascertaining whether an appropriate marketing strategy is being pursued and revels the possible, new opportunity. i. Market penetration: Ford with the wide range of product portfolio can look further penetrating its current market with its existing products. It is persuading strategies like ‘One Ford and ‘Global Marketing vision to provide high quality communication about its product and services. Its can further develop cost efficiency with quality and innovations to penetrate market all around the world. Due to relatively low risk involve in this strategy, the Ford Company can look forward to increase the substantial market portfolio by introducing new product features, competitive pricing and technologies. ii. Product development: This strategy means absolutely new products to make them more suitable to known market. Ford is investing in new smaller fuel efficiency vehicles to achieve more balanced global product market. It is applying ‘One Ford marketing techniques to convey high level communication, and expanding licensing merchandise all around the world to capture new markets. Therefore, it is very essential to ford to enhance brand imaging to achieve competitive success. This includes integrating companys marketing team members, global agencies and suppliers. iii. Market development: This strategy emphasis on expanding markets beyond those in which current products are sold. To enhance market development, Ford needs to understand the requirement and culture of the new market. The effective cost evaluation and perfect pricing is necessary with reference to its competitors. Therefore primary focus is need to be given on the quality in the minimum cost, in comparison to the competitors, to capture newer markets like China, India, Hongkong etc. The market entry risk is higher; therefore it is necessary to understand market behaviour. iv. Diversification: This strategy means new product to the new market. Ford is introducing the new products in coming year with global vision of ‘One Ford. It is introducing ‘new small car, plug-in-hybrids, battery powered vehicles and many more with smart technologies, economical and environmental friendly. Therefore it must consider on cost efficiency, reliability and its competitors activities. Due to high risk associated with this strategy, a great deal of market research is needed to be carried out before investing in new markets. Above are the strategic options available to turnaround Ford into sustainable strategic options. The ford comparing to other competitors, it lacks clear assessment in its pricing strategies, despite of its quality and technology. In this current economic downturn, customers are lacking confidence, thus Ford need to take step to move forward with its smart technologies, style and affordability. Conclusion: The Ford motor company is growing profitable global automotive company. It is streamlining and globalizing operations, to introduce more products that customer really want and value. It has aggressively restructured its operations to match production to demand, and it has shifted to a more balanced product line up offering the highest quality, safety, and value and fuel economy. The hard work global team as positioned Ford to survive the current recession, and succeed to earn good amount of profit in the third quarter of 2009. Ford is undergoing to most rapid and far ranging transformation, so that it can lead into the future with great new products.

Grandmothers Victory by Maya Angelou Essay -- Papers

Grandmother's Victory by Maya Angelou Grandmother's Victory was written by Maya Angelou. This story was about Maya Angelou as a young girl who lived in the state of Arkansas with her grandmother, whom she called "Mama", in the 1940's. Maya's grandmother was a very clean God fearing woman. She taught her grandchildren to be clean, religious, respectful, and God fearing also. In the 1940's there was segregation between blacks and whites. So therefore, there was a lot of racial tension. Whites didn't have to respect, or some didn't speak to blacks with any respect. Mama owned a grocery store (well known in both the black and white communities) on her own farmland. At the time it was really uncommon for blacks to own anything. Some whites, whom Maya and others referred to as "powhitetrash", lived on Mama's farmland behind the school. The white children frequently came to the store and were often disrespectful. But Mama and other blacks had to "becareful" of whites, and couldn't say much to them because of the times. Because of segregation blacks and whites couldn't share the same schools, banks, or any other facilities. And when they did, blacks had to sit in the back. For instance, blacks and whites could share a movie theatre, but blacks had to sit in the balcony. Whites treated blacks with no respect. Especially white children. They would tease and make fun of black elders. And would talk to them any kind of way. Whites did this because they felt could and because they felt blacks where beneath them. While black children had to treat ALL elders, both blacks and whites with respect. .. ... was that Mama was the better person. No matter what she had to put up with, she still stuck to her values and beliefs. I was taught at a young age to treat everyone equally. No matter their race, sex or religion. Everyone is equal. I was taught to respect everyone. Especially my elders. I am to address my elders as Mister, Miss, Missus, Aunt or Uncle. To use manners, such as please and thank you. And that cleanliness is next to godliness. And I still stand by this today. I liked this passage, Grandmother's Victory. I think the reason for Maya writing this is because she's telling her readers, no matter how much something makes you mad to be the bigger person. That you don't have to resort to violence because usually thats what they want. So just ignore it. And stick to your values and beliefs.